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- The Robber Barons: Villains? After the introduction of Charles Darwin's theory in
- approximately 1848, the theory of creation and the philosophy of people had changed. This
- philosophy ╥ survival of the fittest╙ was justified. Following the theory in the time
- period of 1880 and 1910 a clan of large and wealthy men evolved. These vile men who had
- become the controllers of enormous industrial wealth carved up the country into ╥baronies.╙
- They overran political figures, ignored laws, and used money to distract government
- entanglements. These villains did two major things with their corporations and trusts.
- The first is price fixing. When their corporation was competing with others, they would
- lower the prices real low, so low that they would lose money occasionally, and when other
- businesses would sell out, or go out of business the lower priced corporation would raise
- it╒s prices again to compensate their losses. The other major financial trick the barons
- played was monopoly their businesses together. The barons would get together and organize a
- standard expensive price they could charge the public. When they agreed, they would all
- charge the same amount. One infamous robber baron was John D. Rockefeller. Rockefeller was
- very much into monopolizing and price fixing. He cornered the oil market in 1885 by
- destroying the other corporations. When Rockefeller monopolized he would kill some new or
- uncooperative businesses by just lowering the entire monopoly╒s prices and raising them
- again when that certain business died. Robber Barons were very responsible for national
- dilemmas. Jay Gould and Jim Fisk caused Black Friday on September 24, 1869. These two
- speculators had attempted to corner the gold market. To prevent that from happening, the
- U.S. treasury released its gold on the market. The sudden abundance of gold not only
- brought down its price but collapsed the entire stock market as well. Black Friday was a
- certainly a contributor to the depression of the 70's, which caused President Grant╒s
- presidency to be such a failure. Robber Barons controlled the government and officials.
- This is portrayed in the famous cartoon illustrated by Thomas Nast. It pictures the
- congress in the middle with big fat men in the back sitting on large chairs labeled cotton,
- steel, sugar, and oil. Robber Barons basically sat in the back and bribed state
- legislatures. With their golden touch they could manipulate a judge, maneuver a jury, and
- direct congress. Fortunately in future years Theodore Roosevelt, also known as the ╥trust
- buster╙ and congress dissolved and forced the Robber Barons down.The Robber Barons:
- Heroes? ╥I believe it is a religious duty to get all the money you can, fairly, and
- honestly; to keep all you can, and to give away all you can.╙ So said John D. Rockefeller,
- the first billionaire of the United States and one of the first American heroes, the Robber
- Barons. Robber Barons were the American Dream; to star from nothing and become a wealthy
- legend. Not only did these barons just make money for themselves, but they also donated
- quite a large sum. Many donated money to education, schools and Universities, and the arts,
- opened museums. Ever since Rockefeller first started he was always a generous and fair
- man. He would pay his washer woman five dollars. Saved a little. Gave a penny to each
- Sabbath to his Sunday School. In 1870, even before his wealthy years, Rockefeller donated
- 2,000 dollars to a Baptist Church. The public and the press hailed these rich men heroes
- at first by saying such things as, ╥They would build up the country for the benefits of all
- people.╙ So the American dream was to become one of these men. The barons became role
- models in society by publicizing ╥giving is the best policy,╙ and anyone can make something
- of them self. People say the Robber Barons were unscrupulous and wealthy, but they served as
- excellent role models and proved to all the American Dream can work.
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